| Abstract | U ovom diplomskog radu obrađena je tema projektiranja i dimenzioniranja magistralnih
plinovoda. U prvom dijelu rada kratko su opisane karakteristike prirodnog plina i transportnog
sustava prirodnog plin u Hrvatskoj. Potom slijedi osvrt na svojstva plina koje direktno utječu na
samo projektiranje i dimenzioniranje magistralnih plinovoda, a to su gustoća, viskoznost, trojna i
kritična točka, agregatno stanje i Joule–Thomsonov efekt. Navedena svojstva su prikazana u
raznim dijagramima koji su izrađeni pomoću excele Coolprop wrapper-a koji ima vrlo visoku
točnosti podataka. Nadalje spominju se najbitniji dijelovi transportnog sustava plinovoda kao što
su kompresorska stanica, mjerno-redukcijska stanica, otpremno-prihvatna čistačka stanica,
blokadna stanica, katodna zaštita i telekomunikacijska mreža za potrebne plinovoda. Također su
obrađene karakteristike plinovoda kao što su optimalni promjer, kapacitet plinovoda,
akumulacijska moć plinovoda i materijali plinovoda. U nastavku diplomskog rada izrađeni su
proračuni dvaju primjera magistralnih plinovoda u hrvatskoj i to na relacijama Pula – Karlovac i
Slatina – Našice. Proračuni obuhvaćaju izračun pada tlaka plinovoda formulom nestlačivog
strujanja, formulom izotermnog i ekspandirajućeg strujanja i Renouardovom formulom. Također
izračun pada tlaka je izračunat koristeći faktor stlačivosti, zanemarivanjem faktora stlačivosti te
korištenjem točnijih podataka Coolpropa. Svi dobiveni podaci pada tlaka su međusobno
uspoređeni . Proračun isto tako obuhvaća i izračun akumulacijske moći plinovoda kao i snage
potrebne za kompresiju plina na radni tlak plinovoda, brzine strujanja, faktora stlačivosti, faktora
trenja, reynoldsovog broja i drugih karakteristika strujanja plina. Proračun završava procjenom
kapitalnih i pogonskih troškova plinovoda. Dok sami rad završava opisom puštanja plinovoda u
pogon i postupcima ispitivanja čvrstoće i nepropusnosti. |
| Abstract (english) | This thesis deals with the topic of sizing main gas transmission pipelines. The first part of the
paper briefly describes the characteristics of natural gas and the natural gas transport system in
Croatia. This is followed by a review of the properties of the gas that directly affects the design
and dimensioning of main pipelines, such as density, viscosity, triple and critical point, physical
state and Joule - Thomson effect. These properties are shown in various diagrams made using
Excel CoolProp wrapper, which has a very high data accuracy. Furthermore, the most important
parts of the pipeline transport system are mentioned, such as the compressor station, the
measuring-reduction station, the dispatch-receiving cleaning station, the blocking station, the
cathodic protection, and the telecommunication network for the normal functioning of gas
pipelines. The characteristics of the pipeline, such as the optimal diameter, capacity of the pipeline,
accumulation power of the pipeline and the materials of the pipeline are also mentioned. In the
continuation of the diploma thesis, calculations of two examples of main gas pipelines in Croatia
were made, on the routes Pula - Karlovac and Slatina - Našice. The calculations include the
calculation of the pipeline pressure drop by the incompressible flow formula, the isothermal and
expanding flow formula, and the Renouard formula. Also, the pressure drop calculation was
calculated using the compression factor, ignoring the compression factor, and using more accurate
CoolProp data. All the obtained pressure drop data were compared with each other. The calculation
also includes the calculation of the storage power of the pipeline as well as the power required to
compress the gas to the operating pressure of the pipeline, flow rate, compression factor, friction
factor, Reynolds number and other characteristics of gas flow. Calculation ends with an estimate
of the capital and operating costs of the pipeline. The thesis itself ends with a description of the
commissioning of the pipeline and procedures for testing strength and tightness. |
