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master's thesis
Blockchain tehnologija u suvremenim elektroenergetskim sustavima
2021. urn:nbn:hr:190:720942
Dokmanović, Milijan
University of Rijeka
Faculty of Engineering
Department of Electric Power Systems
Section of Electric Facilities and Power Systems

Cite this document

Dokmanović, M. (2021). Blockchain tehnologija u suvremenim elektroenergetskim sustavima (Master's thesis). Rijeka: University of Rijeka, Faculty of Engineering. Retrieved from https://urn.nsk.hr/urn:nbn:hr:190:720942

Dokmanović, Milijan. "Blockchain tehnologija u suvremenim elektroenergetskim sustavima." Master's thesis, University of Rijeka, Faculty of Engineering, 2021. https://urn.nsk.hr/urn:nbn:hr:190:720942

Dokmanović, Milijan. "Blockchain tehnologija u suvremenim elektroenergetskim sustavima." Master's thesis, University of Rijeka, Faculty of Engineering, 2021. https://urn.nsk.hr/urn:nbn:hr:190:720942

Dokmanović, M. (2021). 'Blockchain tehnologija u suvremenim elektroenergetskim sustavima', Master's thesis, University of Rijeka, Faculty of Engineering, accessed 05 April 2025, https://urn.nsk.hr/urn:nbn:hr:190:720942

Dokmanović M. Blockchain tehnologija u suvremenim elektroenergetskim sustavima [Master's thesis]. Rijeka: University of Rijeka, Faculty of Engineering; 2021 [cited 2025 April 05] Available at: https://urn.nsk.hr/urn:nbn:hr:190:720942

M. Dokmanović, "Blockchain tehnologija u suvremenim elektroenergetskim sustavima", Master's thesis, University of Rijeka, Faculty of Engineering, Rijeka, 2021. Available at: https://urn.nsk.hr/urn:nbn:hr:190:720942

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Metadata
TitleBlockchain tehnologija u suvremenim elektroenergetskim sustavima
Title (english)Blockchain technology in modern power systems
AuthorMilijan Dokmanović
MentorDubravko Franković (mentor)
Committee memberVedran Kirinčić (predsjednik povjerenstva)
Committee memberDubravko Franković (član povjerenstva)
Committee memberRene Prenc (član povjerenstva)
GranterUniversity of Rijeka
Faculty of Engineering
(Department of Electric Power Systems)
(Section of Electric Facilities and Power Systems)
Rijeka
Defense date and country2021-09-20, Croatia
Scientific / art field,
discipline and subdiscipline		TECHNICAL SCIENCES
Electrical Engineering
Abstract
Tema ovog rada je primjena blockchain tehnologije u suvremenom elektroenergetskom sustavu. Blockchain tehnologija je zasnovana na peer to peer principu. Svaki čvor u sustavu dobiva svoju kopiju „lanca“ koju čuva. Promjena u lancu tj. dodavanje nove transakcije iziskuje zajednički rad sudionika sustava. Jedan čvor izdaje transakciju koja se potvrđuje od drugih korisnika. Postoji puno vrsta različitih konsenzusa. Najčešće korišteni konsenzusi su Proof of Work i Proof of Stake. Takozvani... More rudari rješavaju kompleksne algoritme da bi potvrdili transakciju. To je izrazito kompleksan proces koji osigurava stalnu funkciju mreže. Blockchain izbacuje treću stranu u razmjeni informacija te je zamjenjuje sa transparentom i sigurnom mrežom. Na taj način sve strane profitiraju i dobivaju pouzdan sustav za korištenje. Prva cjelina koja se obrađuje u radu su solarne elektrane. Objašnjava se detaljnije tehnologija i njena primjena. Navode se potrebni dijelovi za izgradnju solarnog sustava na krovu kuće. Svaki dio se detaljnije objašnjava. Objašnjava se princip rada cijelog sustava te se navode tri osnovna sustava: sustav povezan na mrežu, samostalni sustav i hibridni sustav. Svaki od ta tri sustava se objašnjava detaljnije. Druga cjelina su baterijski spremnici. Kroz cjelinu se obrađuju osnovni pojmovi i karakteristične veličine vezane za baterijske spremnike. Navode se tri vrste baterijski spremnika: olovne, li-ionske i baterije na slanu vodu. Svaki od tih spremnika je detaljnije opisan da bi se što bolje razumio. Navode se baterijski spremnici sa današnjeg tržišta te primjećujemo trend ulaska velikih tvrtka u to područje. Za kraj poglavlja daje se osvrt na isplativost baterijskih spremnika u kućanstvima. Treća cjelina su mikromreže. U ovom poglavlju čitatelj može saznati nešto više o mikromreža. Objašnjava se što su mikromreže te njihov osnovni koncept. Navode se tri osnove vrste mikromreža: urbane, udaljene i agilne. Svaka od tih vrsta se pobliže objašnjava. Nakon toga se objašnjava detaljnije arhitektura mikromreža te potom se navode mogućnosti upravljanja. Upravljanje se dijeli u tri skupine: primarno, sekundarno i tercijarno. Ta se upravljanje izvode prema hijerarhiji. Za kraj poglavlja navode se neke prednosti i nedostaci koncepta mikromreža. Četvrta cjelina je opis Blockchain tehnologije. Kroz ovo poglavlje objašnjava se princip rada tehnologije. Navodi se nekoliko vrsta konsenzusa te se oni detaljnije objašnjavaju. Kao najpoznatije kriptovalute ukratko se objašnjavaju Bitcoin i Ethereum. Poglavlje dosta detaljno objašnjava tehnologiju te prikazuje njenu arhitekturu i navodi kriterij za tehnološku podobnost. Peta cjelina je usmjerena isključivo na primjenu blockchain tehnologije u elektroenergetskom sustavu. Objašnjava se ogromni potencijal tehnologije da unaprijedi poslovanje energetskih tvrtki. Analizira se veleprodaja električne energije i daje se moguće unapređenje strukture tržišta. Za kraj poglavlja se govori o digitalizaciji i IoT platformama. Digitalizacije će u budućnosti zahvatiti svaki sektor tako da je izrazio bitno objasnit način na koji će se implementira u elektroenergetski sustav. Šesta cjelina govori o Blockchain aplikacijama u mikromrežama. Generalna ideja svega je napraviti funkcionalnu platformu pomoću koje korisnici mogu trgovati sa svojim energetskim viškom. U slučaju manjka energije mogu je kupiti od susjeda ili bilo kojeg drugog korisnika platforme. Neki projekti koji se izdvajaju su: Brooklyn MicroGrid od LO3 Energy-a, Power Ledger i SunContract. Ove tri platforme se detaljnije objašnjavaju te se još navodi Key2Energery kao rani projekt sa velikim potencijalom. Sedma i zadnja cjelina upoznaje čitatelje s nekim problemima blockchain tehnologije. Iako tehnologija ima puno pozitivnih strana postoje i negativne sa gledišta potrošnje energije i emisije CO2. Kroz ovo poglavlje daju se estimacije potrošnje energije i emisije CO2 Proof of Work blockchaina. Ujedno se navodi utjecaj tehnologije na društvo i sveukupno globalno gospodarstvo te se uz to sve prilažu kratki proračuni. Less
Abstract (english)
The topic of this paper is the application of blockchain technologies in the modern power system. Blockchain technology is based on the principle of peer to peer. Each node in the system receives its own copy of the "chain" that it stores. To add a new part to the chain participants must work together. One node issues a transaction that is confirmed by other users. There are many types of consensus, and the most commonly used are Proof of Work and Proof of Stake. So called miners ... More solve a complex algorithm to confirm the transaction. It is an extremely complex process but it ensures the constant function of the network. Blockchain throws out the third party in the exchange of information that is replaced by transparent and secure network. This way each of the parties profit and they have a reliable system to use. The first unit that is discussed in this paper is solar power plant. The technology and its application are explained in more detail. The necessary parts for the construction of solar rooftops are listed and each part of the system is explained in more detail. It explains the main work of the whole system, which is based on three basic systems: a network-connected system, a stand-alone system and a hybrid system. Each of these three systems is explained in more detail. The second unit that is discussed are battery tanks. Throughout the whole chapter, the basic concepts and characteristic quantities related to battery tanks are explained. Three types of battery tanks are listed: lead, l-ion, and salt water batteries. Each of these containers is described in more detail to better understand the system. Battery containers from today's market are listed. It is easy to see the trend of large company entering the area. At the end of the chapter, a review of the costeffectiveness of battery packs in households is given. The third unit that is discussed are microgrids. In this chapter, the reader can learn more about microgrids. The basic concept of microgrids are explained. There are 3 basic types of micronetworks: urban, remote and agile. Each of these species is explained in more detail. After that the chapter explains microgrid architecture in more detail and then the management possibilities of the grid. Grid managment is separated in three groups: primary, secondary and tertiary. This management is used according to hierarchy. At the end of the chapter, some advantages and disadvantages of the microgrids concept are listed. The fourth unit is description of Blockchain technology. This chapter explains the working principle of the technology. Several types of consensus are mentioned and they are explained in more detail. Bitcoin and Ethereum are briefly explained as the most famous cryptocurrencies. The chapter explains technology in great detail and shows its architecture and states the criteria for technological suitability. The fifth unit is focused exclusively on the application of blockchain technology in the power system. The enormous potential of technology to improve the business of energy companies is explained. It goes through the wholesale of electricity and gives a possible improvement in the structure of the market. The end of the chapter talk about digitalization and IoT platforms. Digitization will capture every sector in the future. The text expresses an essential explanation of how this will be implemented in the power system. The sixth unit talks about Blockchain applications in micronets. The general idea of it all is to create a functional platform through which users can trade their energy surplus. Users can buy energy from neighbors or any other user of the platform. Some of the projects that stand out are Brooklyn MicroGrid from LO3 Energy, Power Ledger and SunContract. These three platforms are explained in more detail and Key2Energery is cited as an early project with great potential. The seventh and final unit introduces readers to some of the problems of blockchain technology. Although the technology has many positive aspects, there are also negative ones in terms of energy consumption and CO2 emissions. This chapter provides estimates of energy consumption and CO2 emissions. At the same time, the impact of technology on society and the overall global economy is stated, and figures are attached. Less
Keywords
Keywords (english)
Languagecroatian
URN:NBNurn:nbn:hr:190:720942
Study programmeTitle: Graduate University Study of Electrical Engineering
Study programme type: university
Study level: graduate
Academic / professional title: magistar/magistra inženjer/inženjerka elektrotehnike (magistar/magistra inženjer/inženjerka elektrotehnike)
Type of resourceText
File originBorn digital
Access conditionsAccess restricted to students and staff of home institution
Terms of useLicence In copyright icon
Created on2021-10-27 12:14:33
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