This paper addresses thorium-based nuclear reactors. The Molten Salt Reactor (MSR) is mentioned as one of the seven classes of next-generation reactors known as "Generation IV". Numerous advantages of this reactor type compared to Light Water Reactors (LWR) are highlighted. The emphasis is particularly on the high level of safety due to the negative reactivity coefficient and the fact that the reactor operates at low pressure, nearly eliminating the possibility of catastrophic events. The benefits of liquid fuel are presented, and an analysis of the flexibility and safety features of both MSR and Pressurized Water Reactors (PWR) is conducted. The economic structure of these reactors is also compared. In the fourth chapter, the model of a thorium-based reactor with liquid fluoride is explained, detailing its operation and addressing fuel efficiency and the issue of weaponization. An assessment of the costs of thorium-based fuel utilization is conducted, and radiotoxicity is compared. Furthermore, the dual-fluid reactor technology is mentioned, and the long-term potential of thorium nuclear energy is explained.