This paper briefly describes the most important characteristics of bee colonies, such as the caste system, the structure of the honey bee, honey production and bee products. The types of hives, the life cycle of bees, swarming and wintering of bee colonies are also described. An overview of the state of the art of new technologies for bee monitoring is given. The main goal of monitoring is the assessment of the state of the colony in winter in order to prevent winter losses, and the determination of the appropriate moment for honey extraction. The central part of this paper is the monitoring of one beehive, where measurements were performed using existing devices, and the analysis of the collected data. The applied devices were a beekeeping scale and two data loggers. The measured values were: the temperature in the hive and outside temperature, humidity in the hive and outside humidity, honey intake, weight of the hive and dew point in the hive. Based on the obtained results, it can be concluded that there are differences between the temperature in the hive and the outside temperature. Also, the humidity is lower above the cluster of bees than above the empty frames. As the humidity increases, the intake honey decreases and vice versa. In this manner it is possible to keep track of the health of the bee colony and to estimate the most favorable time for honey extraction.